Tag: DC

You may wonder why I’m writing about Dual Connectivity. After all, it comes from LTE in Rel-12, when we are currently within the Rel-16/17 timeframe. The reason for this is that the DC from LTE is treated as a baseline. The enhanced version is incorporated within 5G as one of the main features to allow the so-called Multi-RAT DC (MR-DC). If we look from a broader perspective, we have a multitude of use cases for DC, including LTE-DC, NR-DC, LTE-NR-DC, NR-LTE-DC, LWA. Therefore, this post aims at shedding light on the different aspects of DC, being the legacy feature, which can be extrapolated towards the current situation. 

This book guides you through the LTE, LTE-Advanced Pro and 5G from the perspective of practical aspects of air interface, RAN, Core Network and end-to-end data transfer. The practical approach is reflected by the angle of system design, link budget process, network planning, parameter configurations and optimizations together with the required tradeoffs. We also evaluate the different features’ impact on the overall system as it evolves from LTE to LTE-Advanced and then going further to LTE-Advanced Pro and 5G.

The survey article co-authored by Grandmetric and Movilo, “3GPP Spectrum Access Evolution Towards 5G“, Michal Szydelko and Marcin Dryjanski [1], presents the evolution of: EUTRA frequency bands, Spectrum aggregation mechanisms, Spectrum licensing, Duplexing schemes, Spectrum sharing, Spectrum refarming techniques, within 3GPP, with the focus on LTE-Advanced Pro [2] and beyond. Note: this article reflects the […]

In this article I’m sharing a short overview of the LTE evolution, starting with its introduction within 3GPP Release 8 back in early 2009 up to LTE-Advanced Pro to be finalized in March 2016 within Release 13[1]. Timeline, main features and a maximum throughput calculation is provided for each of the LTE evolution steps.   […]

Booming mobile data demand observed in cellular networks all over the world and forecasted by various studies (e.g. Cisco VNI[1]), driven by the increasingly growing availability of wide range of data-hungry mobile devices, is commonly considered as the main driver for mobile networks evolution Towards 5G. It’s not only the smartphones, tablets and/or phablets with […]

Today, when enteprise networks technology challenges go far beyond the „L3 switch or router”,” IPSec VPN or Leased Lines” wrinkles, we see many examples of choosing wrong direction at IT management level or simply choosing new technology which proves that was the bad idea after few months of operations. Choosing the right approach today is […]